Anterior oral lesions in sheep

Oral lesions occurring in sheep that need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) were investigated in two abattoirs in New Zealand. The prevalence of lesions in the mid-line of the lip, and gum was >3.0% of 8,000 ewes examined, but only 0.3% of 1,500 lambs.
The majority of the lesions appeared to be of traumatic aetiology, arising from the fright/flight response behaviour of sheep. This results in the mouth impacting against wire fences or yard rails while being handled. A smaller percentage of lesions may have been due to abrasive or irritant feed or soil. The presence of plant material and bacteria in the lesions delayed healing and contributed to the formation of ulcers.
Lesions in teeth and jaws were not included in the numbers for the differential diagnoses of FMD, but were presented to emphasise the level of impact trauma occurring. They have importance in regard to sheep welfare during handling.